3D vector magnet for precision field control

A 3D vector magnet is a sophisticated device capable of generating magnetic fields in any direction with high homogeneity. It is composed of multiple coils that can individually provide magnetic flux density in expected directions, allowing for the creation of two and/or three-dimensional magnetic fields. These magnets are crucial for applications requiring precise control over the direction and magnitude of magnetic fields, such as in material characterization, nanomagnetism, and advanced imaging techniques.

The primary objective of designing a 3D Vector Magnet is to achieve a combination of homogeneity, strong field, and cost-effectiveness. A well-designed vector magnet can produce a magnetic flux density norm of up to 3 Tesla (T) in any direction with high homogeneity, utilizing the principles of Helmholtz coils to achieve individual strengths of 1.73 T for each component (Bx, By, Bz). This capability is essential for applications like characterizing high-temperature superconducting (HTS) samples, where a large working space with a uniform magnetic field is required.

Furthermore, 3D vector magnets have significant potential in sensing and actuation applications due to their ability to probe vectorial fields and their geometrical adaptability. They can be integrated into flexible devices, such as magnetic sensors for precise positioning control in electric motors or as printable sensing paste for magnetic switches. Their high aspect-ratio structure also makes them suitable for use in advanced scanning probe microscopy methods, offering the possibility of mapping the three components of stray fields at nanoscale resolution